At its most basic, the State is a company that has a monopoly on violence inside the borders - to protect its citizens from threats, inside or from the outside.
For those starting new countries, you have to think to yourself: what am I protecting my people from?
Here are some options to choose from:
Protection from violence
This is the original protection that regular states provide (some poorly).
Protection from disease
One of the offers a new city-state could have is to say: living here, you’ll be able to escape the seed oils, blue light, paper receipts, and microplastics in the water. All of it.
This is usually impossible for individuals to avoid. Even if you are very careful with what you eat. You need specialized water treatment, regulated farming, and supply chains.
But I think there is a market for people who want to move to a city, knowing that they’re going to be protected from xenoestrogens.
Protection from one-self
This is protection mostly from addiction: porn, gambling, sex, drinking and more.
This is the monastery version of a charter city. In some ways, Alcoholics Anonymous is a proto Network State (but it doesn’t seek sovereignty from current states.)
This less morbid version would be something closer to a military bootcamp or boarding school. You lose many freedoms when you enroll because you trust the process you are putting yourself through and have expectations of certain outcomes at the end of the six months you’ll be inside.
Would you move to a city that its main offering is that all the food in the jurisdiction is going to be healthy and the water always pure?